Flow around bodies
The understanding of flow around any shape of a body is crucial in fluid dynamics and aerodynamics.
Streamlines can be visualised by using contrast medium, fog or by floating particles or hydrogen bubbles.
![HM 132](/images/datasheet/537/HM-132-Vertical-visualisation-of-flow-fields-preview-gunt-537-foto_totale.jpg)
Visualisation using electrolytically generated hydrogen bubbles
Learning objectives/experiments
- visualisation of two-dimensional flows
- streamline course in flow around and through models
- flow separation
- vortex formation, demonstration of Karman vortices
- qualitative observation of the velocity distribution in laminar flow
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![HM 133](/images/datasheet/538/HM-133-Visualisation-of-flow-fields-preview-gunt-538-foto_totale.jpg)
Visualisation of laminar and turbulent flow processes in a water channel using electrolytically generated hydrogen bubbles
Learning objectives/experiments
- visualisation of two-dimensional flows
- streamline course in flow around and through models
- flow separation
- vortex formation, demonstration of Karman vortices
- qualitative observation of the velocity distribution in laminar and turbulent flow
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![HM 250.03](/images/datasheet/1681/HM-250.03-Visualisation-of-streamlines-preview-gunt-1681-foto_totale.jpg)
Investigation of cross-sectional changes in laminar, two-dimensional flow; visualisation using electrolytically generated hydrogen bubbles
Learning objectives/experiments
- visualisation of two-dimensional flows
- learning the concept of streamlines, flow lines and strike lines
- streamline course through an experimental section with changes in cross-section
- limits of potential flow
- friction
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- friction
![HM 152](/images/datasheet/588/HM-152-Potential-flow-preview-gunt-588-foto_totale.jpg)
Visualisation of streamlines in a Hele-Shaw cell, ink as contrast medium
Learning objectives/experiments
- visualisation of streamlines in
- flow around drag bodies: cylinder, guide vane profile, square, rectangle
- flow through models: nozzle contour, sudden contraction or enlargement
- flow separation, flow with 90° deflection
- modelling the flow around bodies by overlaying parallel flow and sources and/or sinks
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![HM 153](/images/datasheet/589/HM-153-Visualisation-of-different-flows-preview-gunt-589-foto_totale.jpg)
Visualisation of flow around bodies and flow phenomena in open channels and pipes
Learning objectives/experiments
- streamlines when flowing around different solid drag bodies
- streamlines when flowing through different shaped models
- flow over different weirs
![HM 150.10](/images/datasheet/557/HM-150.10-Visualisation-of-streamlines-preview-gunt-557-foto_totale.jpg)
Investigation of flow around models in laminar, two-dimensional flow using ink as contrast medium
Learning objectives/experiments
- visualisation of streamlines in
- flow around drag bodies
- flow through changes in cross-section
- influence of sources and sinks
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![HM 226](/images/datasheet/819/HM-226-Wind-tunnel-for-visualisation-of-streamlines-preview-gunt-819-foto_totale.jpg)
Illuminated test section, various models, fog generator included
Learning objectives/experiments
- visualisation of streamlines
- flow around or through differently shaped models
- flow separation and turbulence
- stall as a function of the angle of attack
![HM 225.08](/images/datasheet/818/HM-225.08-Visualisation-of-streamlines-preview-gunt-818-foto_totale.jpg)
Flow patterns in real fluids at different models; visualisation using fog
Learning objectives/experiments
- illustrative demonstration without detection or analysis of measured values
- flow patterns in real fluids when flowing around and through models
- aerofoil with adjustable angle of attack
- cylinder
- orifice plate for change in cross-section
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The recording of pressure and velocity distribution enables the analysis of the causes of desired or undesirable flow courses and the experimental confirmation of forecasting calculations.
![HM 250.02](/images/datasheet/1680/HM-250.02-Measurement-of-flow-profile-preview-gunt-1680-foto_totale.jpg)
Measurement of laminar and turbulent flow
Learning objectives/experiments
- representation of the flow profile
- determination of local and averaged flow velocity
- effect of the Reynolds number on the flow profile
- recognise differences between laminar and turbulent flow formation
- pipe friction / shear stress
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![HM 170](/images/datasheet/769/HM-170-Open-wind-tunnel-preview-gunt-769-foto_totale.jpg)
Experiments from the field of aerodynamics and fluid mechanics with an "Eiffel" type wind tunnel
Learning objectives/experiments
- experiments with accessories
- determine drag and lift coefficients for different models
- pressure distribution on bodies immersed in a flow
- boundary layer analysis
- investigation of flutter
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![HM 225.04](/images/datasheet/814/HM-225.04-Drag-forces-preview-gunt-814-foto_totale.jpg)
Determining drag forces on models immersed in a flow
Learning objectives/experiments
- measure drag forces on models immersed in a flow
- determining drag coefficients
- application of the pulse rate
- record pressure distribution on the cylinder immersed in a flow
- measure the wake depression behind the cylinder immersed in a flow
![HM 225.06](/images/datasheet/816/HM-225.06-Coanda-effect-preview-gunt-816-foto_totale.jpg)
Investigation of wall-guided airflow and familiarisation with the principle of pneumatic logic elements
Learning objectives/experiments
- investigation of wall-guided air flow (Coanda effect)
- familiarisation with the principle of pneumatic logic elements
- study amplification effect in pneumatic elements
Drag and lift forces as well as pressure curve on aerofoils by means of wind tunnel experiments.
![HM 170.09](/images/datasheet/778/HM-170.09-Lift-body-aerofoil-NACA-0015-preview-gunt-778-foto_totale.jpg)
Experiments on bodies immersed in a flow
Learning objectives/experiments
- experiments on bodies immersed in a flow
- determination of the drag coefficient (cd factor)
- determination of the lift coefficient
- together with the force sensor HM 170.40
- determination of the moment coefficient
![HM 170.20](/images/datasheet/781/HM-170.20-Aerofoil-spring-mounted-preview-gunt-781-foto_totale.jpg)
Self-starting oscillations
Learning objectives/experiments
- examination of fluttering vibrations on aerofoils
- the use of a stroboscope permits the observation of the natural forms of the vibrating aerofoil.
![HM 170.21](/images/datasheet/782/HM-170.21-Aerofoil-with-slat-and-slot-flap-preview-gunt-782-foto_totale.jpg)
Aerofoil model for investigating aerodynamic lift aids
Learning objectives/experiments
- experiments on bodies immersed in a flow
- influence of a slat
- Influence of a slot flap
- determination of the drag coefficient (cd factor)
- determination of the lift coefficient
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![HM 170.22](/images/datasheet/783/HM-170.22-Pressure-distribution-on-an-aerofoil-NACA-0015-preview-gunt-783-foto_totale.jpg)
Experiments with different aerofoil angles of attack
Learning objectives/experiments
- record pressure distribution on an aerofoil immersed in a flow
- as a function of the angle of attack
The boundary layer is formed along a surface of a body in incident flow due to the adhesion of the flowing fluid, e.g. air. Internal friction in the fluid causes a change in the flow course and affects flow resistance and flow velocity.
![HM 170.24](/images/datasheet/785/HM-170.24-Boundary-layer-analysis-with-Pitot-tube-preview-gunt-785-foto_totale.jpg)
Investigation of the boundary layer on a flat plate with flow along the plate; two different surfaces
Learning objectives/experiments
- measure total pressure with Pitot tube
- measure static pressure, in the measuring section of HM 170
- determine velocity via dynamic pressure
- study the vertical velocity profile at the measuring point
- study the boundary layer thickness
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![HM 220.02](/images/datasheet/809/HM-220.02-Measurement-of-boundary-layers-preview-gunt-809-foto_totale.jpg)
Velocity distribution and boundary layer thickness within the boundary layer of a flat plate in longitudinal flow; vertically sliding Pitot tube
Learning objectives/experiments
- investigation of the boundary layer on a flat plate
- representation of velocity profiles
![HM 225.02](/images/datasheet/812/HM-225.02-Boundary-layers-preview-gunt-812-foto_totale.jpg)
Investigation of boundary layers on a flat plate with flow along the plate
Learning objectives/experiments
- internal friction of gases
- investigation of the boundary layer on the flat plate
- influence of surface roughness on the formation of a boundary layer
- boundary layer interference with degressive/progressive pressure curve
When flowing through a packed layer occurs a pressure loss due to friction. The pressure loss of the fluid passing through it is i.a. used for the characterization of fluidized beds and packed beds.
![CE 220](/images/datasheet/15/CE-220-Fluidised-bed-formation-preview-gunt-15-foto_totale.jpg)
Investigation of fluidised bed formation of solids in air and water
Learning objectives/experiments
- fundamentals of the fluidisation of bulk layers
- observation and comparison of the fluidisation process in water and air
- pressure loss dependent on
- flow velocity
- type and particle size of the bulk solid
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![HM 136](/images/datasheet/541/HM-136-Flow-through-packed-columns-preview-gunt-541-foto_totale.jpg)
Comparison of different modes of operation; water and/or air, parallel flow or counterflow mode
Learning objectives/experiments
- function of a packed column
- compare operating modes
- with water
- water-air operation in parallel flow
- water-air operation in counterflow
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