Components of refrigeration
Refrigeration engineering offers a wide range of applications in machinery and plant manufacturing, as well as in many other specialist disciplines. Due to the wide range of applications, the requirements placed on the technical implementation and thus the selection of the required components also vary.
Refrigeration: main elements of the compression refrigeration system
Components of refrigeration
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A modular system makes it possible to independently set up refrigeration circuits with different degrees of difficulty. The individual components are connected using flexible hoses. Modular systems provide a high practical orientation.
Set-up of various refrigeration circuits using modular component kits; includes refrigeration chamber and condensing unit
Learning objectives/experiments
in conjunction with ET 910.10, ET 910.11, ET 910.13
- design of compression refrigeration circuit
- draining and filling of refrigeration systems
- operation of refrigeration components
- cyclic process of cold production
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Accessories to set up simple refrigeration circuits
Learning objectives/experiments
- design of different simple refrigeration circuits
- design, operation and adjustment of components
- sight glass with filter/drier
- flow meter
- delivery and intake manometer
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Accessories to set up complex refrigeration circuits
Learning objectives/experiments
- setup of different refrigeration circuits
- design, operation and adjustment of components
- evaporation pressure, intake pressure, capacity and refrigeration controllers
- electric thermostat
- manual valve as expansion element
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Training system with interchangeable modules
Learning objectives/experiments
- fundamentals of a simple refrigeration circuit
- detection and understanding of the cyclic process
- changes of state of the refrigerant
- representation the refrigeration circuit in the process schematic
- representation of the cyclic process in the log p-h diagram
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Refrigerant compressors have the task of transporting the evaporated refrigerant from the evaporation pressure level to the condensation pressure level. They are used to feed the mechanical energy into the refrigeration cycle. In general, the compressors are electrically driven.
Refrigeration - components: compressors
Capacity measurement at the open compressor with variable speed; refrigeration chamber with adjustable cooling load
Learning objectives/experiments
- fundamentals of refrigeration
- design and components of a refrigeration system
- open compressor with drive
- condenser
- evaporator
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Investigations in an open two-cylinder piston compressor from refrigeration
Learning objectives/experiments
- determine characteristic variables of a piston compressor during experiments
- determination of the volumetric efficiency at different intake pressures, pressure ratios and speeds
- determination of the isothermal compressor capacity
- measurement of the mechanical and electrical power consumption in dependence of the high/low pressure and pressure ratio
- determination of the mechanical efficiency and the overall efficiency
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Refrigeration system with three compressors in interconnected operation; adaptation to the capacity requirement
Learning objectives/experiments
- variables affecting energy efficiency
- controller parameters
- refrigerant supercooling
- interconnected operation of compressors
- operation of a multicompressor controller
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Heat exchangers are an elementary part of refrigerating plants. During cooling they are used to absorb the energy of the refrigerant by evaporation. During heating they release the energy set free during the condensation of the refrigerant.
Refrigeration - components: evaporators and condensers
Properties of different heat exchangers and their use in refrigeration; effect of superheating and supercooling
Learning objectives/experiments
- different heat exchangers and their use in refrigeration
- coaxial coil heat exchanger
- finned tube heat exchanger
- tubular heat exchanger
- plate heat exchanger
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Heat pump with various heat exchangers for air and water
Learning objectives/experiments
- design, operation and key components of a heat pump or refrigeration system
- representation of the thermodynamic cycle in the log p-h diagram
- comparing different operating modes
- measurement of compressor capacity and heating or cooling capacity in the glycol-water circuit
- determination of
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The pipeline systems of refrigerating plants not only have to transport gaseous and liquid refrigerants but also the lubricant. This is why it is of key importance that the correct nominal diameter and the correct pipe routing are selected.
Refrigeration: piping
Transport of lubricants soluble in refrigerant in refrigeration systems; transparent pipes
Learning objectives/experiments
- fundamentals of the oil return in refrigeration systems
- effect of the rising pipe diameter on the oil transport
- effect of partial and full load operation on the oil transport
- principle of operation of a double rising pipe
- separate or parallel operation of the compressors
Through the use of primary and secondary controllers, the refrigerant pressure can be regulated at various points of a refrigerating plant in addition to the evaporating temperature and the refrigerant mass flow.
Refrigeration - components: primary and secondary controllers
Investigation of different capacity control methods
Learning objectives/experiments
- key devices for changing the refrigeration capacity
- thermostat
- evaporation pressure controller
- refrigeration controller
- capacity controller
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Protection against overpressure and negative pressure in the refrigeration circuit; display of switching states via lamps
Learning objectives/experiments
- gain expert knowledge of refrigeration through practical exercises
- operation of a pressure switch
- difference between low and high pressure switches
- difference between NC and NO contacts of a switch
- setting the switching threshold
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Demonstration of the principle of operation of the various secondary controllers in the refrigeration circuit
Learning objectives/experiments
- properties and application options of different secondary controllers
- evaporation pressure controller (KVP)
- start-up controller (compressor intake control; KVL)
- capacity controller (control of the compressor delivery capacity; KVC)
- condensation pressure controller (WVFX, KVR)
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Engineering animations such as cutaway models are ideally suited to representing processes and functions. GUNT uses up-to-date original parts for its cutaway models. Movement and switching functions are maintained.
Cutaway model of an industrial component used in refrigeration
Learning objectives/experiments
- layout and function of a hermetic refrigerant compressor
Cutaway model of an industrial component used in refrigeration
Learning objectives/experiments
- layout and function of a semi-hermetic refrigerant compressor
Cutaway model of an industrial component used in refrigeration
Learning objectives/experiments
- layout and function of an open refrigerant compressor with 2 cylinders
Cutaway model of an industrial component used in refrigeration
Learning objectives/experiments
- layout and function of a block drier
Cutaway model of an industrial component used in refrigeration
Learning objectives/experiments
- layout and function of an oil separator
Cutaway model of an industrial component used in refrigeration
Learning objectives/experiments
- layout and function of a liquid separator
Cutaway model of an industrial component used in refrigeration
Learning objectives/experiments
- layout and function of a ball valve
Cutaway model of an industrial component used in refrigeration
Learning objectives/experiments
- layout and function of a thermostatic expansion valve
Cutaway model of an industrial component used in refrigeration
Learning objectives/experiments
- layout and function of an automatic expansion valve
Cutaway model of an industrial component used in refrigeration
Learning objectives/experiments
- function and design of a sight glass with moisture indicator
Cutaway model of an industrial component used in refrigeration
Learning objectives/experiments
- function and design of an industrial 4-way reversing valve
Cutaway model of an industrial component used in refrigeration
Learning objectives/experiments
- function and design of an industrial condensation pressure controller
Cutaway model of an industrial component used in refrigeration
Learning objectives/experiments
- principle of operation and layout of an expansion vessel
- principle of operation and layout of an evaporator
- principle of operation and layout of a filter/drier
